We honour, recognize, and revitalize the time-immemorial relationship of Indigenous people and the BUFFALO.

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The Buffalo Treaty calls for Indigenous Peoples and the BUFFALO to once again live together in relationship with the land, to nurture each other culturally and spiritually. We seek the return of the BUFFALO as an integral part of the ecological system.

The Institute takes a holistic eco-cultural approach to achieving this goal through initiatives in education, conservation, culture, economic, health, and research. Our common goal is to welcome back the BUFFALO, to live among us once again in safe spaces across their historical homeland, to continue their essential ecological roles, and to lead us in nurturing our land, plants, water, other animals, and our cultures.

Tipi, Ceremony

What We Do: Raise BUFFALO Conciousness

The International Buffalo Relations Institute’s main objective is to promote implementation of the Buffalo Treaty and its values. This will be accomplished by providing knowledge, skills and as possible, financial resources, to support Indigenous communities in returning BUFFALO to the landscape as a means to rebuild vital cultural and ecological connections.

The Institute contributes to transformative change towards Buffalo Consciousness, Buffalo Rematriation and ecological and cultural renewal in the great plains of North America.

Transferring intergenerational knowledge and sharing amongst Nations.

 We are the Buffalo and the Buffalo is us.

  • Dr. Leroy Little Bear

    Dr. Leroy Little Bear is member of the Kainai Tribe of the Blackfoot Confederacy in Alberta, a renowned indigenous scholar, lawyer, and thinker and a member of the Order of Canada. Little Bear is a leading force behind the Buffalo Treaty amongst First Nations of Canada and US Tribes.

  • Dr. Tasha Hubbard

    Dr. Tasha Hubbard is an award-winning Cree filmmaker and an associate professor in the Faculty of Native Studies/Department of English and Film at the University of Alberta. She is from Peepeekisis First Nation in Treaty Four Territory and has ties to Thunderchild First Nation in Treaty Six Territory. She is also the mother of a fifteen-year-old son. Both her film work and her research chronicles Indigenous efforts to rematriate the buffalo, and she has been a supporter of the Buffalo Treaty since 2015.

  • Amethyst First Rider

    Amethyst First Rider is a member of the Kainai Nation, Blackfoot Confederacy, Alberta, Canada. She is a leader in the performing arts community and co-conceived Iniskim an immersive puppet lantern performance celebrating the Buffalo. She is central to the development and success of The Buffalo Treaty and passionates about tea, plants and food sovereingty and all my relations.

  • Kyra Northwest

    Kyra Northwest is from the Montana First Nation (Akamihk), which is one of the four Maskwacîs Cree Nations. She currently works for the Samson Cree Nation (Nipisihkopahk) as the Traditional Land Use Lead and she sits on the Samson Cree Nation's Nipiy Committee. Kyra's engagement with the Buffalo Treaty began through ceremony to re-introduce the buffalo to Banff National Park.

  • Marie-Eve Marchand

    Marie-Eve Marchand grew up in Lac-St-Jean, Quebec and calls the mountains of Banff home. She successfully coordinated the movement Bison Belong to bring the plains bison back to Banff National Park and has supported the Buffalo Treaty since its first signing.

    She is an active member of IUCN WCPA and SSC-Bison Specialist group, Chair the first group of experts to implement the IUCN Green List in Quebec to imporove the quality of proteted and conserved area and has received the Golden Leaf Award for her contribution to protect the last undamned river in Southern Quebec, the Dumoine River. She is a founding member of the Institute and the Executive Director.

  • Katira Crow Shoe

    Katira Crow Shoe is a member of the Kainai Nation of the Blackfoot Confederacy and is part of the Many Children Clan. Katira grew up on the Blood Reserve in Southern Alberta and worked at Saipoyi Community School for close to ten years. At the elementary school Katira provided trauma-informed counselling services for Blackfoot students and had the privilege to engage with their families and other community members. Katira then became employed with Alberta Health Services and worked with students in Cardston and Piikani. In both positions, she incorporated Blackfoot language, values, customs and traditions into her counselling practice. Katira is passionate about educating and creating awareness on Niitsitapi Trauma and Niitsitapi Trauma-Informed Practices. Katira is Director of Education at the International Buffalo Relations Institute.

  • Julian SpearChief-Morris

    Julian is a member of the Kainai Nation of the Blackfoot Confederacy. He is a lawyer licensed to practice law in both Canada and the United States and serves as the Institute’s General Counsel. Previously, he worked in the private sector in Washington, D.C. where his practice focused on complex litigation and providing strategic advice to businesses, tribal governments, and individuals navigating legal, political, and policy challenges. His work involved matters specifically related to the Buffalo Treaty. While a student at Harvard Law School, Julian conducted research on the concept of Buffalo as legal persons. He also previously served as a Crown Prosecutor for the Alberta Crown Prosecution Service. During his free time, Julian enjoys staying active, fly-fishing, and spending time with family.

  • Jade Tootoosis

    Jade Tootoosis is nehiyaw (Plains Cree) from the Red Pheasant Cree Nation in Treaty 6 Territory and is also a member of the Rocky Boy Chippewa Cree Nation in Montana. She holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Native Studies and a certificate in Indigenous Governance & Partnership from the University of Alberta.

    Jade has worked extensively in the areas of education, Indigenous justice advocacy and public relations. She is passionate about amplifying the voices & knowledge of Indigenous peoples and nations for generational healing, safety and growth. Most recently, Jade has joined the International Buffalo Relations Institute as the Public Relations Director.

  • Glenda Abbott

    Glenda Abbott is nehiyaw-Plains Cree from Pelican Lake First Nation, Saskatchewan in Treaty 6 Territory, Canada. She is a mother and grandmother who has dedicated much of her time learning from knowledge keepers to revitalize and reclaim Indigenous knowledge systems throughout North America and several other countries. Her work focuses on indigenous-led community projects and cultural revitalization initiatives related to Indigenous midwifery/doula, women’s teachings, traditional medicine, ethnobotany- food sovereignty, Indigenous holistic wellness, and land-based education curriculum development.

  • Gina Starblanket

    Dr. Gina Starblanket

    Dr. Gina Starblanket is an Associate Professor in the School of Indigenous Governance at the University of Victoria. She is Cree/Saulteaux and a member of the Star Blanket Cree Nation in Treaty 4. Dr. Starblanket studies Indigenous-settler political relations with a specific focus on Indigenous politics in the prairies, the politics of treaty implementation, and Indigenous movements towards social and political transformation. She is the co-author of a forthcoming co-authored article in Wicazo Sa Review entitled "Awakening Buffalo Consciousness: Lessons, Theory and Practice from the Buffalo Treaty," and has written on matters of treaty implementation and social and political change in many academic and public-facing venues.

    Dr. Starblanket is the author of important sole and co-authored interventions theorizing relational responsibilities to the land, including Storying Violence: Unravelling Colonial Narratives in the Stanley Trial (ARP Press, 2020), and 5th edition of Visions of the Heart: Issues Involving Indigenous Peoples in Canada. She is also in the final stages of editing Making Space for Indigenous Feminisms, 3rd ed. (Fernwood Press, 2024).

“The most important thing that comes out of this Buffalo Treaty is relationships.
And this is a living relationship.
This Buffalo Treaty is a living treaty”

— Amethyst First Rider, Kainai Tribe, Blackfoot Confederacy